The Utility Model Relates to The Design of A Turning Tool For Machining a Spherical Surface with A Common Lathe

The utility model relates to the design of a turning tool for machining a spherical surface with a common lathe

Design Principle

The turning motion of a spherical workpiece can be divided into the rotating motion of the workpiece centered on the spindle axis and the circular motion of the tool centered on a point on the spindle axis. The rotating motion of the workpiece is driven by the spindle, which is relatively easy to achieve. The tool designed in this paper solves the circular motion of the tool centered on a point on the main axis.

Design Purpose

1) Ensure machining accuracy. The use of tooling reduces the technical requirements for machining personnel, and it is not necessary to control the circular motion of the tool through experience. Through the tooling can make the tool do standard circular motion, improve the machining accuracy.

2) Improve processing efficiency. The use of tooling simplifies the processing operation, reduces the processing auxiliary time, and improves productivity.

3) Enhance security. The use of tooling can make the operation simple and convenient when machining the sphere and avoid accidental injury caused by improper operation.

4) Improve economic efficiency. The use of tooling can reduce the labor input and time cost of the processing process and improve economic benefits.

Design Ideas

According to the purpose of tooling design and the concept of mechanical parts design, the design of tooling should meet the following requirements:

The overall structure of the tooling is simple, requiring good tooling parts processing and simple tooling overall assembly. The tool is easy to adjust, can adjust the position of the blade, and process the spherical surface of different sizes. The tooling can be installed on the lathe tool holder to reduce the operation of tool change.

Tooling Structure

The tool tool is modeled by using the 3D drawing software of Zhongwang, and the main structure of the design is shown in Figure 1.

1．Tool bar. The whole tool bar is L-shaped, as shown in Figure 2, and the material is stainless steel plate. First, the L-shaped tool is processed on the milling machine. According to the blade size, the tool slot is milled on the milling machine. The waist groove is used for the connection of the tool bar and the tool bar fixing seat, and the position of the blade can be adjusted according to the spherical dimension of the machining. As shown in Figure 1, when processing the sphere with a larger size, the tool bar can be adjusted upward, the blade is far away from the tool center, and the radius of the blade rotation circle is larger, and the tool bar is lowered when processing the small sphere.

2．Tool bar fixing seat. The whole is cylindrical, as shown in Figure 3, the material is stainless steel bar, and the tool bar groove is processed on the milling machine, and the tool bar groove is used to install the tool bar; Mandrel holes are used to connect mandrel.

3．mandrel. The mandrel is a typical step shaft, as shown in Figure 4. The material is stainless steel bar. The big end is connected with the tool holder by interference fit, and the sleeve is installed on the middle part by rolling bearing. The small end is fitted with a handle, the circumferential movement of the handle is limited by the key, and the nut is locked.

4．Sleeve. The whole is cylindrical, as shown in Figure 5, the material is stainless steel bar, the center is drilled out through holes for passing through the mandrel, both ends have step holes for mounting bearings, grooves for mounting fixed plates.

5．Fixed plate. The whole is a cuboid, as shown in Figure 6, connected as a whole by screws and sleeves, and connected by a fixed plate and a tool holder, so that the whole turning tool tool is clamped on the lathe tool holder.

6．Handle. As shown in Figure 7, it is installed on the mantleshaft, locked by the key and nut, and drives the tool in a circular motion by turning the handle

Movement principle of tooling

As shown in Figure 8, adjust the position of the tool bar, install the tool tool on the lathe tool holder through fastening screws, and hold and turn the tool handle when machining the spherical surface. The spindle drives the tool holder and the tool holder to rotate, and the blade moves in a circle around the tool center line to process the spherical shape.

This tool tool can process the sphere on the ordinary lathe, simplifying the operation of the processing process, ensuring the processing quality and improving productivity. The tool has the advantages of simple structure, good processing ability, low cost, can be directly installed on the lathe tool holder, and can be used without replacing other parts of the lathe, which is more practical.