Core Tip: During the use of forgings, the process requirements are very strict, and each piece needs to be consistent without any porosity, excess space, inclusions, or other defects. Components produced by this method
During the use of forgings, the process requirements are very strict, requiring each piece to be consistent, without any porosity, excess space, inclusions, or other defects. The components produced by this method have a high ratio of strength to weight. These components are typically used in aircraft structures. Of course, this does not mean that these forgings are not allowed to be used in other industries. Obviously, forgings are widely used in various industries of industrial production.
1、 Aircraft forgings: Approximately 85% of the components on an aircraft are forgings by weight. The turbine discs, rear axle necks (hollow shafts), blades, wing beams of aircraft engines, rib plates and wheel supports of the fuselage, and inner and outer cylinders of landing gear are all important forgings related to aircraft safety.
2、 Diesel engine forgings: Diesel engines are a type of power machinery commonly used as engines. Taking a large diesel engine as an example, there are more than ten types of forgings used, including cylinder head, main journal, crankshaft end flange output shaft, connecting rod, piston rod, piston head, crosshead pin shaft, crankshaft transmission gear, ring gear, intermediate gear, and dye pump body.
3、 Marine forgings: Marine forgings are divided into three categories: main engine forgings, shaft forgings, and rudder forgings. The main engine forging is the same as the diesel engine forging. Shaft forgings include thrust shafts, intermediate shafts, and stern shafts. Rudder forgings include rudder stock, rudder column, rudder pin, etc.
4、 Weapon forgings: Forgings play an extremely important role in the weapon industry. By weight, 60% of tanks are made up of forgings. The barrel, muzzle brake, and tail of artillery, rifled barrels and triangular bayonets in infantry weapons, rocket and submarine depth charge launchers and mounts, stainless steel valve bodies for high-pressure coolers in nuclear submarines, shells, bullets, etc. are all forged products. Besides steel forgings, weapons are also made from other materials.
5、 Petrochemical forgings: Forgings have a wide range of applications in petrochemical equipment. Manholes and flanges for spherical storage tanks, various tube plates and welded flanges required for heat exchangers, forged cylinder bodies (pressure vessels) for catalytic cracking reactors, cylinder sections used for hydrogenation reactors, and top covers, bottom covers, and heads required for fertilizer equipment are all forged parts.
6、 Mining forgings: Calculated by equipment weight, the proportion of forgings in mining equipment is 12-24%. Mining equipment includes mining equipment, hoisting equipment, crushing equipment, grinding equipment, washing equipment, and sintering equipment.
7、 Nuclear power forgings: Nuclear power is divided into two categories: pressurized water reactors and boiling water reactors. The main large forgings of nuclear power plants can be divided into two categories: pressure shells and reactor internals. The pressure shell includes: cylinder flange, nozzle section, nozzle, upper cylinder, lower cylinder, cylinder transition section, bolts, etc. The internal components of the reactor work under severe conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, strong neutron irradiation, boric acid water corrosion, erosion, and hydraulic vibration, so 18-8 austenitic stainless steel should be selected for production.
8、 Thermal power forgings: There are four key forgings in thermal power equipment, namely the rotor and retaining ring of the steam turbine generator, as well as the impeller and rotor in the steam turbine.
9、Hydroelectric forgings: Important forgings in hydroelectric power station equipment include turbine shaft, turbine generator shaft, mirror plate, thrust head, etc.